Casting composite or other car-wheels



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. E. R. ROBINSON. GASTING'GOMPOSITE OR OTHER CAR WHEELS.

(No Model.) 4 %l1ee1:s- -SheetI 2. E, R. ROBINSON. CASTING COMPOSITE 0E UTHER GAR WHEELS. E

,28.6. Patented Nov., 23, 1897.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

E. R. ROBINSON. .CASTING COMPOSITE 0R OTHER GAR WHEELS.

u w n. o T l nu.

Patented Nov (No Model.) 4 sheets-sheet 4.

, E. R. ROBINSON.

CASTING COMPOSITE 0R OTHER CAR WHEELS.

Patented Nov. 23, 1897.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELBERT R. ROBINSON, oEcHIcAGo, ILLINOIS. l

CASTING COMPOSITE ORSOTHER CAR-WHEELS.

SPECIFICATION forming para of- Letters Patent Nc. 594,286, datdNovember 23, 1e97.

pplioation filed February 10, 1897. Serial No. 622,818. (No model.)

T o all whom, it may concern:

'Bc it known that I, ELBERT R. ROBINSON, a citihen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new 'and useful Improvements in Casting Composite or other Wheels, of which the following is a speciiication-- My invention has for its objects to' provide a method and apparatus whereby wheels of various kinds may be cast in an economical and effective manner, and which method and apparatus are for the most part adapted for making composite wheels wherein the outer portions or sides arc of one metal and the interior portions are of another metal cast upon the outer portions or sides, and also to casting a filling of' a certain char-...eter in gronved wheels.

lleretofore it has'been regarded as impracticable to make a hard metal of high conductivity lay to iron in casting wheels or to obtain satisfactory wheels by casting a tilling therein.

By my improved method of procedure and with my improved form of mold I am not only able to successfully cast hard metal of high electrical conductivity, such as brass or'copper, into the groove of an iron trolley-wheel,

but I am enabled to produce, by casting-an entirely new construction of trolley-wheel, which consists in-two outer disks or anges and an intermediate filling or uniting portion, which enters openings or beneath projections on the disks, so as to combine them securely together, and iills in `the intermediate space forming the groove and contact por- 'tions of the wheel with a web extending to y613,843, iiled by me on November 2S, 1896;

or I am enabled by means of substantially the saule mold, with sand taking the place of spirally-arranged thread, which forms spiral grooves withinl the bushing, which may be 'packed with a graphite lubricant or other l In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical axial section of la three-part mold illustrating that portion of my invention which relates to the manufacture of composite wheels. Figs. 2 and 3 are plans of the bottom and top of the mold. Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate by a plan, partly in section, and by an edge view the construction of one form of ring which i-s held between the top and bottom of the mold and which is constructed to receive a sand filling which gives shape to the groove of the wheel. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 represent by side elevation and axial section ya finished composite wheel and one of the disks employed in making the same. Figs. 9 and 10 represent, respectively, a vertical axial sect ion of a mold and one of the two similar parts of such a mold employed for casting a .wheel with spokes. Figs. 11 and 12 are side and front views of the clamping link and screw employed for holding the parts of the mold together. Fig. 13 isaview of the sand core. Figs. 14' and 15 represent by plan, partly in' section, and by transverse section the construction of a modified form of ring which receives a filling of sand and gives shape to the groove of the wheel. Figs. 16 and 17 represent, respectively, the method of preparing a mold for a solid wheel and 011e of the two similar rings employed for that purpose.

Referring to Figs. 1 to S, l representsy the top, and 2 the bottom,'of a combined mold and liask, which parts are hinged together at 3 and secured at their free ends by means of a link 4,- pivoted to one oi them at 5 and carrying a screw which bears upon the other of them and through which they may be forced together with necessary pressure.

7 represents the ring, which comprises a diametrically-divided annular frame 8, recessed to receive the centering-beads 9 on the top and bottom of the mold, and having a cav- Y sumes the shape indicated by metal which enters the openings 19.

Ior no finishing. Obviously the sand core 14 of the ring 7 are provided with lugs. 11, projecting radially inward at the ends of the parts and conforming to the shape of the groove in the wheel and thereby adapted to give shape to and confine the sand filling 10, which asthe circular d otted lines in Fig. 4. I

The bottom 2 of the mold is provided with a boss 12 with a shouldered perforation 13, in which the sand core 14 for forming the axlebearing of the wheel is inserted. 'lhe top of the mold has an opening 15, through which metal may be introduced in the act of casting.

16 represents vent-holes in the top andbottom of the mold, of which there may be any suitable number, (I have shown three-see Figs. 2 and 3,) and these vent-holesare enlarged at their inner ends and provided ywith fillings 17 of sand.

In setting up the mold the top and bottom are prepared by inserting their fillings 17, and the ring 7 is provided with its' filling 10 of sand, as heretofore described. A disk .18, which is to form one part of the shell of the wheel, is then placed upon the bottom of the mold which is formed to receive it. The ring 7 is then put in place, after which the upper disk 18 is placed upon the ring, and the .top of the mold is then :closed. As will appearv from Figs. 6, 7, and 8, as well as from Fig. 1, each disk 18 has a series of holes 19 in its web 20. These holes are countersunk and they serve the double purpose of permittingthe escape of gases generated in casting and of admitting a portion of the molten metal within the countersunk opening to securely lock the disks and the central filling which is to be cast. The fillings 17 in the openings 16 are shaped on their inner ends so as to impart a head of suitable shape to the 'projection of After thesand core 14 has been putin place, the mold is poured through the opening 15, and the metal enters the space between the sand core-andthe hub portions of thedisks to form a bushing 22, and also between the two disks to form a lling 23 or central portion of the wheel, and into the openings 19 to form studs 24 to securely lock the disks tothe filling 23, and therefore fixing them relatively together. The disks are preferably shouldered, as shown at 21 and as described in my application hereinbefore referred to.

With a mold constructed as described there. is ample room for escape of the gases throughthe sand fillings, and the mold is practically a ventilated mold. I have found in practice that perfect castings may be obtained by a mold constructed in this way, and such a mold may be repeatedly used and wheels of any kind turnedout therefrom which require little is replaced for each new casting', but the re maining portions of the mold may be,V utilized a number of times.

I do not herein claim the construction of a wheel formed by the mold just described, as

If it should be desired to construct a wheel radial fins or strengthening-anges, these may beadded to the two disks which lare to be united by the metal cast lbetween said disks, -or if `the whole Wheel is cast atonce these fins or ribs may be formed with the rest, and in either case the top and bottom of the mold is laltered, as indicated and 10, wherein said top and bottom are pro# vided with spoke-grooves 25. Thisl adapts said top'and bottom -to receive the disks in Figs. 9

which has spokes r which has. a. web with formed with these projections or to impart this shape to a solid wheel cast inthe mold. .As illustrated in this mold, the vent-openin gs through the wheel may be omitted and suiicient ventilation obtained through the sand in the ring` and through the core. Theform of wheel illustrated as being made in the mold shown in Fig. 9 differs fromthat illustrated by Fig. l in that the two disks are originally joined together, and the connection between the filling 23 and bushing 22'consists in radial offshoots 26,y formed at' intervals in the circumference of the hub, which feature is described in my application, Serial No. 613,843, before referred to. While I have illustrated one form of spoke or radial strengthening-ange, it will be obvious than the same character of mold with spokegrooves suitably shaped maybe employed for casting wheels withf any form of spokes.

Referring to Figs. 14 and 1'5, 7" represents a modified form of ring wherein a continuous face 27 extends from the lugs 11 and provides the groove-forming surface of the ring, the` cavity 10 being left in the ring back 4of this IOO face to receive the sand and permit the escape of the gases, as heretofore described. In both forms of rings 7 and 7 I prefer to employ bridges 28 to divide the cavity 10 and strengthen the ring.

The manner of casting a solid wheel is illustratcd in Figs. 16 andA 17, according to which I employ a bottom 30,'havin`g an opening 31, in which is placed a filling 32 of sand, and a similar open top 33, having an opening 34, in which is also formed a filling 35 of sand. To get these top and bottom fillings of sand, the open'topand bottom-ofbthe. mold are closed together upon a ring 7, which may be-con structed as shown in' Fig. 4 or Fig. 14 and .with a sand filling. Upon the upper and lower sides of this ring ane placed wooden or other pattern-disks 36. I may employ a disk such as shown in Fig. 8. Upon the outside of each ofthese disks the sand fillings 32 and 35 are then formed and allowed to harden. The mold is then opened and the disks 36 removed, when the top and bottom will have been given the shape shown by the bottom filling 32 in Fig. 16. The top filling is shown in the course of being made. After the mold is thus prepared the usual sand core 14 is in- `When the serted and the metal is poured through the opening 15 in the top filling, as heretofore described with reference to Figs. 2 and 9. mold is opened,the casting may be shaken out without necessarily destroying the mold.

With all the forms of my invention it is an easy mattei' to cast wheels lin substantially finished condition and with great rapidity, whether they be solid wheels or'composite wheels of the different forms described.

While I have herein shown and described but a single mold, it is obvious that the same principles of construction may be employed in connection with groups of molds of which the tops and bottoms are secured together and in such manner that such molds may erated simultaneously and a number of wheels cast at once with little or no moie expense in time and labor than that which is incident to east-ing a single wheel.

Having new described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination of the top and bottom mold-sections for holding the grooved `wheel, the grooved wheel, and the metallic ring-sections fitted to the groove of the wheel but leaving a space within said rin g-sections to receive a filling to be east therein, substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination of the upper and lower disks or flanges, top and bottoni mold-sections fitted to said disks or flanges for holding them in place, and metallic ring-sections fitted to the groove formed by the inner .faces of said disks or fianges but leavinga space within said ring-sections to receive a filling to be cast therein ,substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination ot the top and bottom mold-sections hinged together and provided with a fastening means at theirfree ends, centering means provided on the inner faces of said mold-sections, the grooved pulley adapted to be centrally held by said centering means and the ring-sections fitted to the groove of the wheel, substantially as shown and described.

4. The combination of upper and lower disks or flanges, top and bottom mold-sections fitted to said disks or flanges for holding them in place, and metallic ring-sections fitted to the groove formed by the inner faces of said disks oi fianges havinga sand fillingbnt leavinga space within said ring-sections to receive a filling to be east therein, substantially as shown and described.

5. The combination of upper 'and lower disks or fianges, provided with an axial bore', top and bottom mold-sections fitted to said disks or flanges for holding them in place, metallic ring-sections fitted between said disks or fian ges and leaving a space within said ringsections, and a sand core fitted in the axial bore in the disks whereby a bnshin g is formed integral with the filling cast between the ringsections and disks or flanges, substantially as shown and described.

6. The combination of upper and lower disks or fianges provided with the shoulders, top and bottom mold-sections fitted to said disks or flanges for holding them in place, and the metallic ring-sections fitting between said disks or flanges and having their inner peri phery extending to the shoulders en the disk, and having a sand filling which progects beyond the shoulders but leaving a space between it and the disks to receive a filling to be cast therein, substantially as shown and described.

7. In combination with a mold for casting grooved wheels, a metal ring for forming the grooved periphery of said wheel, and having a radial cavity l0 intermediate its faces to receive a filling of sand, for substantially the purpose set forth.

8. In combination with a mold for casting grooved wheels, a metal ring 7 for forming the grooved periphery of said wheel, provided with a radial cavity lOintermediate its faces and the retaining-lugs 1l projecting radially at the ends of the said cavity, substantially as herein explained.

9. In a mold for casting composite grooved wheels, the metal ring 7 constructed to fit between the top and bottom of the mold, and disks forming the sides of the wheel, fitted to said ring and spaced apart by the ring to receive the .metal filling between them; sub" stantially as herein described.

10. The combination in a mold for casting grooved wheels, of the upper and lower moldsections, the upper and lower disks for forming the sides of the wheel,l and the metallic ring-sections fitted between said disks and having a filling of sand conforming to the shapeof the groove of the wheel, but leaving a space within the sections to receive a filling to be cast therein, substantially as shown and described.

ELBERT R. ROBINSON. Witnesses:

HUGH M. STERLING, H. S. KNIGHT.

IOO

It is hereby certied that in Letters Patent No. 594,286, granted November 23, 1897,

upon the application of Elbert R. Robinson, of Chicago, Iilinois, the title 0f the invention was erroneously written and printed I Casting Composite or Other Car- Wheels, whereas the said title should have been written and printed Casting Composite yor other Wheels; and .that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correetrl therein that the same mayl conform to the record of the oase in the Patent Oioe.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 30th day of November, A. D., 1897.

.[SEAL] WEBSTER DAVIS,

A Assistant Secretary of the Interior Couutersgned A. P. GREELEY,

Acting Cmnmtlssoner of Patents. 

